Logic Model Overview:

Ellen Rondina's Individual Plan of Work, including administrative, Pd&E, professional development work, and Program area work/Family & Consumer Resources

Situation:

From Family & Consumer Resources:
Diet Quality and Physical Activity
Nutrition plays a vital role in overall health. In fact, research has found that diet is associated with the leading causes of death, many of which are preventable heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and several types of cancer. Cardiovascular disease and cancer together account for almost two thirds of all deaths in the United States. Despite the importance of diet, however, Americans fail to achieve recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines which lower the risk of disease. Of particular interest, are the results of the 2004 New Hampshire Food Stamp Recipient telephone survey conducted with 402 randomly selected recipients.

Overall Health and Nutritional Quality of Food Stamp Recipients' Diet
In the 2004 telephone survey, food stamp recipients were asked to describe the quality of both their general health and the nutritional quality of their diet. Over time, respondents have continually and consistently described their overall health less favorably than the general New Hampshire population. In 2004, 42% of respondents described the overall nutritional quality of their diet as excellent (16%) or very good (26%), an increase of 11 points since the 2003 study. By comparison, according to the 2000 Centers for Disease Control Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey, general population residents in New Hampshire (63%) described their health as excellent or very good, and only (10%) described their health as fair or poor.

When Food Stamp recipients were asked to describe how interested they were in improving the nutritional quality of their overall diet, 73% said they were either very (41%) or moderately (32%), an increase of eight-points since the 2003 study.

Adopting a Healthier Diet
Food Stamp recipients were asked, in a series of questions, which of the following factors were a major or minor reason why they do not adopt a healthier diet.

The factors are:
• It is too confusing to figure out what foods are really healthier than others.
• Healthy foods are too difficult to prepare.
• Healthy foods don't taste as good.
• It costs too much to eat healthy food.
• I don't have the time to cook and prepare healthy meals.

Thirty-seven percent of respondents exposed to the social marketing campaign identified costs as a major reason not to adopt a healthier diet, four-points fewer than respondents who were not exposed to the social marketing campaign. Eleven percent of respondents exposed to the campaign identified time as a major reason not to adopt a healthy diet, 10-points fewer than respondents who were not exposed to the campaign.

Food stamp recipients were presented with a list of dietary practices and asked to describe how much they agreed or disagreed with the importance of each practice. No more than four percent of respondents disagreed with the importance of any of the dietary practices. A majority of respondents agreed completely that keeping food safe (67%), eating a healthy diet (57%), maintaining a healthy weight (55%), and eating a variety of fruits and vegetables (53%) are important. A large minority of respondents agreed completely that being active on a regular basis (44%) is important.

Respondents were asked if they read the nutritional labels printed on food packages. Eighty-four percent of respondents said that they read the nutritional labels on food packages. Thirty-seven percent of respondents said that they read 100% of all nutritional labels, and 15 percent mentioned that they read the nutritional labels on 75-to-99% of all labels. Sixteen percent of all respondents said that they do not read nutritional labels on food packages. When asked for their reasons why, respondents said that it took too much time (40%), they don't know how (31%) or it is too difficult (20%).

Healthy Weight
New Hampshire respondents can be classified as underweight, overweight, obese or as having a healthy weight using the National Institutes of Health's Body Mass Index (BMI). The following formula is used:

BMI = [Weight (lbs) x 703] ÷ [Height (in) 2]

Where: < 18.5 is underweight
18.5 - 24.9 is a healthy weight
25 - 30 is overweight
> 30 is obese

Application of this formula to self-reported height and weight data show that only one-third of food stamp recipients (32%) enjoy a healthy weight. Sixty-three percent of food stamp recipients are either overweight (26%) or obese (37%). Only five percent of respondents are underweight according to the Body Mass Index.

As categorized by the Body Mass Index calculations, overweight and obese respondents were asked if they were currently trying to lose weight or trying to maintain a healthy weight. Eighty-nine percent of overweight and obese respondents indicated that they are trying to lose weight or trying to maintain a healthy weight. When asked to list all the methods that they were using, respondents who are trying to lose weight or maintain a healthy weight mentioned exercising regularly (51%), eating better food (38%) and eating less in general (31%) more frequently than specific dietary approaches.

Changing Health Status of New Hampshire Residents
The UNH Cooperative Extension State Advisory Council has requested that obesity prevention be a major focus in the 5 year plan of work. A formal motion was passed on April 5, 2005 to (a) support these programs by making them more clear and evident in the plan of work regardless of client income level, and (b) to continue and enhance the resources dedicated to this critical issue.

More than half of New Hampshire residents describe themselves as overweight or obese. Twenty-two percent of the state's school-age boys and 17 percent of girls are overweight, with another 20 percent at risk for overweight. Since mid-2003, an interdisciplinary team has been meeting and planning a statewide initiative called Lighten Up New Hampshire! that will identify and integrate the vast network of obesity prevention/reduction resources and programs throughout the Granite State.

Parenting Education
Strong families raise children to become responsible, productive and caring adults. As a nation we have gradually increased the supports that we offer for families and overall, our knowledge and understanding of children and their developmental needs have greatly improved. However, deficits remain and many families face problems that place their children at risk for a life of adversity. Parents, from diverse backgrounds and with diverse strengths and weaknesses, are in need of education to help them understand how to more effectively parent their children. For example, many parents do not understand that infants begin to "take in" their environment in the fist few days of life; and, about the harmful effects of children being exposed to violence or how a parent's state of depression can place his or her children at risk for adjustment problems. Characteristics about children's families can also place them at-risk for future problems. For example, in 2003, 1 in 5 New Hampshire children lived in families that were headed by a single parent and 22% of children lived in families that were considered low-income. In that same year, over 12,000 children lived in extreme poverty and 7,000 children lived in a household where no adult worked in the past 12 months. When these types of risk factors are combined with a lack of knowledge, children can suffer. For example, in the year 2001 1,436 cases of child maltreatment were substantiated in the state of New Hampshire and in that the same year 1,214 children were in state-sponsored placements because of maltreatment. In 2000, 132 New Hampshire youth were committed to a state correctional facility; children from the poorest New Hampshire communities were almost more than twice as likely to be committed to a correctional facility than children from middle income communities. Children from poorer and less educated homes can also suffer academically. In 2001, New Hampshire elementary school children who scored below the state's average on proficiency testing were more likely to be from poorer communities than from middle or high income communities. There is vast evidence to indicate that education and prevention campaigns over the past three decades have helped to reduce the adversity in children's lives, such as lower rates of maltreatment, crime and higher rates of high school completion. However, more education and programming is needed to assist those children who continue to be at-risk for future problems.

Quality Child Care

Quality Child CareIt is not only parents who need assistance in raising and caring for children. Many caregivers outside the home have a significant impact on children's lives. More parents work outside the home today than ever before. This is especially true of parents with young children. Nationwide, 72% percent of women with minor children participate in the work force, and among New Hampshire families with children under the age of six, 61% of those families have both parents in the workforce. Nationally, almost three-quarters of children under the age of 5 whose mothers are employed are in non-relative child care. The demand for necessary child care services was met with a 25% increase in the number of licensed child care facilities in the state of New Hampshire between 1987 and 1997. While many children attend an organized daycare or nursery school center, many others do not. This can lead to great variations in the level of knowledge of caregivers and in the quality of care that children receive. Variations in the quality of care that children and families receive is true just not of childcare providers, but for many different types of family providers. There is evidence which suggests that adults have significant gaps in their knowledge about children and developmental norms, and that general education may be beneficial for providers on many different levels.

Caring for New Hampshire's Aging Population
According to 2005-2025 Population Projections for NH and Counties by Age and Sex, prepared by the State Data Center, New Hampshire's population of elders (65-plus) will grow 150 percent over the next 20 years, as compared with an increase of 21 percent in the overall population. The 25-44 year age group will increase by only 6 percent during the same time. This group traditionally provides the pool of lower-wage workers who serve as hands-on professional healthcare providers. With no end in sight for escalating health care costs, with fewer employers each year offering health insurance, with insured families paying more out of pocket for health care, the additional resources needed to care for the rapidly-increasing group of elders will likely place tremendous new burdens on families.

Ultimately, it adds up to more stress on families, many of whom have already begun investing more time and more money into family caregiving. Families won't have the discretionary incomes they have now, or the amount of discretionary time they have now for entertainment, travel, eating out, or consumer purchases. That will force changes for many sectors of the local economy.

Family Resource Management
Americans are making less and saving less. Personal income declined from 6.1% in 2004 to 4.3% in 2005 (U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis). Personal savings as a percentage of disposable personal income declined from 1.8% in 2004 to -.4% in 2005 (U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis). Consumer credit increased 3% in 2005 (Federal Reserve). There were 6058 bankruptcy filings in NH in 2005 which was a 32% increase from 2004 (United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of New Hampshire). Households are saving less and spending more putting their financial security at risk. Spending habits start early. Comparing 2005 to 2004, teens overall spending level declined 6% but nearly half believe they'll spend more in 2006 than they did in 2005 (Teenage Research Unlimited). The Jump$tart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy 2004 survey found 12th graders' personal finance knowledge level to be 52.3% which is a failing grade based upon the typical grade scale. Many young people could establish bad financial management habits, and stumble through their lives learning by trial and error.

From Healthy Lifestyles:
Nutrition and physical activity play vital roles in overall health. Research links diets with many preventable causes of death, heart disease, diabetes, obesity and several types of cancer. Lifestyles with risk behaviors that include poor diet, high stress, smoking, drinking and physical inactivity increases the chances of hypertension, high cholesterol, obesity and diabetes. Obesity continues to increase and is of concern in both youth and adult populations.

More meals are eaten away from home and people have less knowledge of and less connection to foods and agriculture. Adults tend to under consume foods from the fruit, vegetable and dairy groups while diets exceed recommendations for fat, sugar and sodium. Research further documents links between food insufficiency and poor health outcomes. Sedentary lifestyles, computerization and mechanization changes in employment, increased television and computer times, lack of regular physical education in schools, availability of snack food and beverages, hectic schedules filled with eating on the go, increased time in commutes are barriers to healthy lifestyles. Media influence on consumer nutrition information is also increasing.


From Administrative Time:
Staff need a place to plan for and document administrative time.

Stakeholder Input

From Family & Consumer Resources:
Data was collected from stakeholders via county visits, county and state advisory councils; and reviewed by Family & Consumer Resources specialists and educators.

Assumptions

From Family & Consumer Resources:
1. A committed and skilled professional staff in Family and Consumer Resources will be retained.
2. Cooperative Extension has the capacity to address the educational needs of the residents of NH.
3. Cooperative Extension is a highly effective educational program development and delivery organization and is a non-biased research-based source of information and education.
4. Educational resources needed to achieve long term outcomes will be supported and developed.
5. Effective collaborations of agencies and organizations, and strategic partnerships will strengthen program development, delivery and evaluation.
6. Funding through CSREES, State of NH, and NH counties remains in place and is enhanced through sustainable grants, contracts and gifts.

External Factors

 

 

From Family & Consumer Resources:
• Family and Consumer Sciences will become better understood as a discipline.
• Poverty places families and communities under great stress that interferes with their ability to achieve positive outcomes.
• Economic development and stability is a goal for individuals, families, communities and businesses.
• Individuals are challenged to balance personal, family and professional goals and often lack the time to participate in learning opportunities.
• Individuals will choose to make good decisions, be effective parents, choose quality child care, make healthy food choices, handle food safely, and manage their resources with skill if they have the awareness, knowledge, attitudes and skills to do so.

Evaluation Overview

From Family & Consumer Resources:

Evaluation studies planned:

Data collection methods:

From Healthy Lifestyles:

Evaluation studies planned:

Data collection methods:

   Outputs

      Attend Staff Meetings    (Show details)

      Planning and Reporting    (Show details)

      EEC Work    (Show details)

      Miscellaneous administrative work    (Show details)

      Civil Rights
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   Inputs:

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   Outputs

      Parenting Education such as Strengthening Families 10- 14, Dare To Be You, Family Focus, Supportive Connections for Single Parent Families, Stepfamilies, Relatives as Parents; Cradle Crier and Toddler Tales ( age paced newsletters); Single topic sessions including Positive Discipline, Raising Your Child's Self- Esteem    (Show details)

      Better Kid Care, Promoting the Social Emotional Competence of Young Children, Collaborations with NH Resource and Referral Agencies.    (Show details)

      Making Money Work for You, Planning Ahead...Staying Ahead, Credit Check Up, Debt Check Up, Starting Over Bankruptcy Education, Take the Road to Financial Security in Later Life, Investing for Your Future, Legally Secure Your Financial Future, High School Financial Planning, Taking Charge of Your Finances
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      Primary focus lifeskills education, teaching lifeskills and personal development education to target audiences that include incarcerated, Academy and Diversion program, and those on public assistance.    (Show details)

      

Nutrition Activities:

Fueling your Active/Busy Lifestyle
My Pyramid
Nutri-News
Nutrition for Children
Nutrition for Teens
Healthy Eating for Seniors
Cooking for One
Health and Wellness Fairs and Exhibits

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Parenting Education Reflective Practice Group, Parenting Education Training/Technical Assistance

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   Inputs:

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   Outputs

      Lighten Up NH Web site will be up and running for UNHCE staff to access.    (Show details)

      Healthy Lifestyles Team In-service - open to all UNHCE staff, held in Spring 08.    (Show details)

      "Simple Ways to Improve your Diet" - a publication distributed to all UNHCE staff.    (Show details)

      "Guidelines for Healthy Meetings" - a publication distributed to all UNHCE staff
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   Inputs:

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   Outputs

      Professional development    (Show details)

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